This paper discusses Uzbekistan’s recent experience with structural shifts and industrial policy and the larger implications for existing theories of industrial policy. The paper has a particular focus on various industry policy instruments. Two major hypotheses are discussed: (1) the hypothesis of Haussmann, Hwang and Rodrik (the more technologically sophisticated the export structure, the better for growth) and (2) the hypothesis of Justin Yifu Lin (export specialization should build on existing comparative advantages and not jump over the necessary technological stages).

We are convinced that Russia is not alone in the world. Thus, the theme of our inquiry will be searching for friendly-oriented countries - economically and politically as well. In the first partof article, we present the main dates concerning level of external debts in low-and middle-income countries per capita. First, we describe the compilation of the major components of external debt included in the IDS tables and database and the relationship between them. Then, we focused onfinancial flows, trends in external debt, and other major financial indicators for low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Among those countries with the best indicators, we will be search economically sustainable and politically friendly-oriented countries, as potential partners for Russia.

In this article, we discuss the implications of development of extracting technology of shale gas. Declining natural gas reserves during the 1970s prompted the United States movement to fund research into, leading to many advances in technology including micro seismic imaging. Observed progress in extracting technology of shale gas has some implications for Russian gas industry. As long as Russia is dependent on oil for 70 percent of its exports, Russia’s economy will be intrinsically linkedto the fluctuation of world oil prices. Moreover, nations and energy industry were forced to considerwhat a future with dwindling fossil fuel supplies might look like, after the first global oil shock duringthe 1970s. One response was to look for new types of fossil fuel reserves and develop ways to reach them. It would be stressed that current crisis creates an opportunity for Russia to provide tax andfinancial incentives to encourage technological innovations such as Big Data Analytics.

This paper examines various mechanisms of import substitution policies that can be implanted in Russia, with specific examples in the areas of agro-industry and high technology. It statesthe condition, under which these policies can help to pursue a strategy of re-industrialisation, and what some potential pitfalls are. Specific attention is being paid to the importance of vertical linkage effects, to relations between science, education and industry and to the role of favourable financial environment, especially in the field of innovation. As concerns the tools of import-substitution and their efficiency it would be stressed that to realize import-substitution policy it may be used a varietyof mechanisms: customs tariff (fee) and non-tariff (quotas, import licensing) regulations, as well as subsidies for domestic production and other tools of financial and non-financial state support. They do not have the same efficiency in terms of industrial policy.

This paper provides the results of an empirical investigation of decision-making in case of multiple debts. 211 respondents took part in the research. Methodological basis of the research are prospect theory and game theory. As the research method were used computer simulation games. In contrast to following the rational pattern of behavior, the results indicate that individuals tend to paysmall loans first and decrease the number of outstanding debts rather than pay debts with the highestinterest rate and decrease the total debt amount. Also 50% of respondents prefer to put money on a savings account with a lower interest rate instead of using it to pay the debts. The findings supportingthe idea of the rationality of individuals is bounded, when they make decision about the order of debt repayment and are in agreement with findings of other authors.

The concept of green credit resembles that of sustainable finance in that both concepts highlight the potential of the financial sector to respond to environmental and social challenges of the world through financial instruments. This article studied the experiences of green creditdevelopment in some countries in over the world such as China, Korea, Bangladesh, and Germany. According to the difficulties in applied green credit in China, or the successes of green credit inother countries for examples the cases of Korea, Bangladesh and Germany, this study highlights several recommendations and suggests lessons learned from these countries to Vietnam. It would be especially stressed that raising awareness of consumers about using environmentally friendly products, and boycotting products that are not clean or polluting to environment is crucial. On the other hand, the support of the government could help enterprises reduce green production costs.