This study estimates a two-group discriminant function to determine the expected financial health of the consumer credit customers’ of a bank of Vietnam by using five demographic, socio-economic, and loan characteristics of the sample borrowers. The estimated function is significant at one per cent level of significance and the model estimates financial health/group membership with average seventy-three per cent accuracy. Like developed countries, it is expected that use of the estimated discriminant function in the consumer credit decision making will decrease bad debts, will help to set risk based credit pricing for the clients and will make the credit granting faster and more accurate.

Recently lean construction concept and building information modeling (BIM) have become one of most mainstream tools for solving many project management problems in construction. Thus, the purpose of this article is to investigate opportunities of increasing project management efficiency in construction by integrated use of lean construction principles and building information modeling. Results of contemporary research on lean construction and BIM were inspected. Analysis and synthesis methods were used to achieve the goals of this research. Knowledge of project management methodology was combined and matched to the known tools of lean construction and BIM to generate ways in which the latter can contribute to more efficient project management in the era of knowledge- based economy and rise of information technologies. The research has shown that the vast majority of lean construction principles can be practically realized with the use of BIM (eight of them - fully, four - partly, another four - none). The authors systematized the benefits of simultaneous application of Lean and BIM in existing knowledge fields of project management (project quality, risks, cost, time, scope, human resources, communications, procurement and stakeholders management). Lastly, the consequent link from lean principles to BIM to project management objectives and to overall business success were shown. The presented results correlate with ideas mentioned in most research on the topic. However, it is seen that more emphasis in the article unlike other research were put on the specific opportunities of lean and BIM application for project management. Thus, the results can be useful for further research of academics (especially in Russia, where this topic isn’t covered enough) as well as for project managers and other specialist in construction industry.

Demographic changes observed at present on the European markets strongly determine the sustainability of pension systems. The most important changes in this context include: increase of life expectancy, decline of fertility rate, ageing of societies, and migration flows. All the above trends pose a major risk, mostly for public pension systems that finance the distribution of retirement benefits from mandatory contributions collected from earners in the working-age population. Pension policies should be designed to minimize the demographic risk and limit the risk of old-age poverty. The risk of longevity, associated with the steady increase of life expectancy rates, is another important aspect to be managed by all institutions involved in effective distribution of pension benefits, be it from the base part of the pension fund or any supplementary funds. This paper aims to emphasize the significance of demographic risk in a pension system, identify the types of demographic risk and the associated risk management methods, and to present the projected impact of demographic risk upon the replacement rate.

This paper aims at studying the restructuring of commercial banks that has been started since 2008 in Vietnam by analysing in two angles: Efficiency and Stability of the banking system. Firstly, the paper applies a modified Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model in 2 cases to estimate the changes of the efficiency by analyse the E-scores of 26 commercial banks from 2008 to 2012 and examine the profits and productions efficiency of 7 DMUs of the Vietnamese banking system in 2 years 2011 and 2013. Secondly, this study will calculate the Z-scores and T-test by using SPSS program to assess the stability of the banking system. Moreover, this study uses quantitative and qualitative methods to assess and quantify the results of the Vietnam commercial banks’ restructuring under the Decision No. 254/QD-TTg. The results showed that Vietnamese banking system remained stable during the process and contributed to economic growth, however the results were quite limited and lacks of long-term effects, such as many restructuring objectives were not achieved thorough handling bad debt, cross-ownership, improving governance and enhance the operational efficiency of commercial banks. In particular, the major cause of these problems is due to the lack of a general approach to the overall handling of the issue of restructuring commercial banking system, particularly is missing a legal framework for the systematic implementation of the restructuring process in the context of economic restructure.