Влияние информационно-коммуникационных технологий на международную торговлю: исследование в странах Африки к югу от Сахары

Целью данного исследования является анализ влияния информационно-коммуникационных технологий (ИКТ) на двусторонние торговые потоки стран Африки к югу от Сахары (SSA).

Авторы используют метод обобщенных наименьших квадратов (GLS) для коррекции проблем корреляции и гетероскедастичности. Также авторы использовали гравитационную модель, расширенную для ИКТ, для изучения влияния ключевых показателей ИКТ на двусторонний экспорт и импорт. Выборка исследования включает 44 африканские страны субконтинента, в том числе 43 страны в качестве партнеров (импортеров/экспортеров) и одну страну-респондента (экспортера/импортера), и охватывает период с 2010 по 2019 г.

Результаты показывают, что доступ к мобильной связи и интернету, а также развитие электронной коммерции имеют большой потенциал для улучшения внутриафриканской двусторонней торговли. Кроме того, влияние ИКТ не является однозначным и зависит от категории рассматриваемого потока. Однако из результатов исследования следует, что развитие ИКТ в его нынешнем виде еще не смогло преодолеть аргумент о физической удаленности как барьере для торговли в странах Африки к югу от Сахары.

Основной вывод заключается в том, что создание более качественных услуг и инфраструктуры ИКТ имеет важное значение для внутриафриканской торговли. Африканские политики должны обеспечить достаточную поддержку для создания инфраструктуры ИКТ и распространения ИКТ за счет снижения затрат на связь, транзакции и доступ к ИКТ.

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