Изменение влияния цифровой трансформации на прорывные инновации в Китае

В данном исследовании изучается взаимосвязь между цифровой трансформацией (ЦТ) и прорывными инновациями (ПИ) в китайских компаниях, А‑акции которых котируются на бирже. Предметом исследования является влияние ЦТ на ПИ. Проводится сравнение этого влияния в обычные периоды и в условиях глобального кризиса здравоохранения с учетом различного воздействия на государственные и негосударственные предприятия. Цель исследования — изучить, как цифровизация может способствовать инновациям в стабильных условиях и во время внешних потрясений, а также исследовать различия в ее влиянии на разные типы фирм. Актуальность исследования заключается в возрастающей роли цифровой трансформации в стимулировании инноваций в современном быстро меняющемся глобальном ландшафте, особенно в свете вызовов, связанных с кризисом COVID‑19. Данное исследование предоставляет важные сведения о том, как фирмы могут адаптировать свои цифровые стратегии для поддержания или ускорения инноваций в периоды потрясений. Научная новизна заключается в анализе неоднородного влияния цифровой трансформации на инновации в разных типах компаний и внешних условий, в частности, при сравнении периодов нормальных и кризисных ситуаций. Авторы использовали методы машинного обучения для анализа текста с целью построения индикаторов цифровой трансформации и регрессионные модели с фиксированными эффектами для оценки ее влияния на прорывные инновации. В рамках исследования авторы применяли панельные данные китайских компаний, котирующихся на бирже, за период 2014–2024 гг., реализуя эти передовые методы для выявления влияния цифровой трансформации на прорывные инновации в разные периоды и при различных условиях деятельности компаний. На основе полученных результатов было установлено, что ЦТ значительно повышает ПИ в нормальных условиях, но эта положительная взаимосвязь нарушается в кризисные периоды, особенно в госпредприятиях. В негосударственных предприятиях значительного влияния ЦТ ни в нормальные, ни в кризисные периоды не зафиксировано. Авторы пришли к выводу, что, хотя цифровая трансформация является ключевым фактором инноваций, ее эффективность зависит от типа компании и внешнего контекста, а глобальные потрясения ограничивают ее потенциал, особенно для государственных предприятий.

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